Vanillin
Vanillin is an aromatic aldehyde with a sweet, soft, and typical vanilla scent. It is one of the most basic and crucial structural ingredients in sweet, oriental, and powdery fragrances. Its scent is highly approachable, significantly enhancing product acceptance and longevity.
Type
Woody
The aroma is warm, smooth, and sweet without being cloying, exhibiting typical vanilla, milky sweetness, and a slight powdery feel. It has a strong enveloping and calming effect, making it a representative of “scents that provide a sense of security.”
Acquisition Methods
Natural extraction or chemical synthesis
Vanillin is naturally found in vanilla beans, but natural extraction is extremely expensive. In industrial applications, it is mainly produced through multiple chemical reactions using guaiacol, lignin, or other aromatic precursors to meet the fragrance industry’s needs for stable supply, cost control, and consistency.
Basic Information
| English Name | Vanillin |
| Common Industry Names | Vanillin, Vanillin Aldehyde |
| Chemical Category | Aromatic Aldehydes |
| Molecular Formula | C₈H₈O₃ |
| Molecular Weight | 152.15 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 121-33-5 |
| Appearance | White to pale yellow crystalline powder |
Technical Data
| Boiling point | 285 °C (decomposes) |
| Melting point | 81–83 °C |
| Flash point | 147 °C |
| Density (20 °C) | Approx. 1.06 g/cm³ |
| Solubility | Easily soluble in ethanol, limited solubility in water, well dispersed in essential oil systems |
| Stability | Stable under neutral and weakly acidic conditions, sensitive to strong alkaline environments; prolonged exposure to high temperatures may lead to decomposition or discoloration. |
Chemical Structure
Fragrance Characteristics
| Fragrance Characteristics | Sweet vanilla scent, soft, with a noticeable powdery note, slightly milky, and a warm woody undertone. |
| Fragrance Notes | Middle to Base |
| Common Pairings | Coumarin, Ethyl Vanillin, Heliotropin, Cinnamyl Alcohol, Sandalwood, Amber accords |
| Applications | Perfumes (Oriental, Sweet, Powdery), Fragrances (Shampoos, Skincare, Soaps), Home Furnishings, Candles, Food Flavors (Must comply with food-grade regulations) |
Safety and Compliance
| IFRA Guidelines | Vanillin is an ingredient permitted by IFRA, with relatively lenient restrictions in most product categories, making it one of the regulatory-friendly fragrances. |
| Stability | Mature industrial application, high batch-to-batch consistency, suitable for large-scale production. |
| Allergy Risk | Low allergy risk, generally not on the EU’s list of high-risk sensitizing fragrances requiring mandatory labeling (subject to the latest regulations). |
Application Highlights
- Extremely high consumer acceptance, virtually “zero education cost”
- Significantly enhances the roundness and longevity of the fragrance
- Regulatory friendly, suitable for long-term, stable supply projects
- Almost irreplaceable within the sweet and oriental fragrance family